Ethical Dimensions of Preparing Two Financial Reports Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dimensions of Preparing Two Financial Reports Essay Ethical dimensions of financial accounting with respect to keeping of two sets of records, one for internal purposes only and the other for internal taxation purposes. Financial accounting, as stated by Garrison, is concerned with providing information those people outside an organization. This includes preparation of financial reports showing the company’s past financial performance which will be the basis for additional investments for stockholders, capacity to pay off loans for creditors or banks, imposing correct government taxes as mandated by law, etc. Financial reports, therefore, should be done accurately and with utmost truthfulness to avoid misconstruction due to omission or misstatement as stated in the International Federation of Accountants Code of Ethics. However, there are some who do not conform to this Code. Some companies practice preparation of two sets of financial reports at the end of the fiscal year, one for internal purpose and the other to be used and submitted for internal taxation purpose. Usually, if the company would like to attract additional investments from its stockholders, incomes are bloated. On the other hand, to avoid paying high taxes or even pay no taxes at all, financial statements are manipulated to reflect a lower or negative net income, which will be the basis for the computation of the taxes to be paid by the company. Whether for stockholders or for taxation, I strongly condemn such practice. This does not only violate the Code of Ethics of IFAC, such practice, if done continually, could even be a start of the eventual downfall of any company due to loss of its credibility and integrity. Thus, there exist major financial scandals that lead to collapse of business giants like what happened to ENRON. Further, leaders of the company may suffer from huge penalties or even jail terms, if found guilty of violating the code. Sadly, our country’s system on taxation and how the government use, or should I say, misuse collected taxes opens a lot of controversies and issues, which is being used by some companies to justify the practice of preparing a different financial report for taxation purpose. Corruption and issues on tax evasion by big companies are only a few examples why some companies validate this act. Corporate governance, as they say, should start first with the government, ethical behavior should be practiced first by our government leaders. This is the main campaign of incumbent President PNoy. The Code of Ethics on Integrity Rules states: â€Å"A member must not make, prepare, or certify, or permit or direct another person to make, prepare or certify, any statement which the member knows, believes or ought to

Anthem :: essays research papers

Anthem A young man lives in a place where the word "I" does not have meaning. It is a society where there are no individuals. It is, however, a place where you strive to serve your brothers. Equality 7-2521 was taught from birth that the individual is not important. He is in a crazed society where the only form of government is collectivism. Their religion is one of few forces holding this disarranged society from spinning out of control. â€Å"We are nothing. Mankind is all.† (21). Equality, at age 21, has absolutely no freedom. There are three steps to a person’s education when entering the society as defined by the book Anthem. When a child is born they are placed in the House of Infants until they are five years old. There they stay with other children born the same year. After the House of Infants they are sent to the House of Students. They stay in the House of Students until they are fifteen years of age when they enter the work force. Members of a board decide the final step of a person’s education. â€Å"Their hair was white and their faces were cracked as the clay of a dry river bed† (26). Each profession has a housing center and trains the citizens to the specific profession, also known as a â€Å"house†. In this section, his dream of going to the House of Scholars is lost and he is sent to the House of Street Sweepers instead. Here the rules are very strict. He is not allowed to laugh or sing for any reason. Entertainment was a part of daily life for all citizens within this society. Every day they would sing three hymns and watch a play after that. Among the three hymns were â€Å"†¦The Hymn of Brotherhood, and the Hymn of equality, and the Hymn of the Collective Spirit† (27). These were the only two forms of entertainment the workers had time for. All other time was spent working their jobs, eating, sleeping, and/or meeting with fellow workers. Entertainment was a prized piece of their society. Entertainment was the only part of society that kept the citizens content. Without entertainment daily the citizens would have not had such strong beliefs in the group and most likely would have overthrown the government. The science and technology of the society is very underdeveloped. Glass and simple candles were some of the newest inventions. Anthem :: essays research papers Anthem A young man lives in a place where the word "I" does not have meaning. It is a society where there are no individuals. It is, however, a place where you strive to serve your brothers. Equality 7-2521 was taught from birth that the individual is not important. He is in a crazed society where the only form of government is collectivism. Their religion is one of few forces holding this disarranged society from spinning out of control. â€Å"We are nothing. Mankind is all.† (21). Equality, at age 21, has absolutely no freedom. There are three steps to a person’s education when entering the society as defined by the book Anthem. When a child is born they are placed in the House of Infants until they are five years old. There they stay with other children born the same year. After the House of Infants they are sent to the House of Students. They stay in the House of Students until they are fifteen years of age when they enter the work force. Members of a board decide the final step of a person’s education. â€Å"Their hair was white and their faces were cracked as the clay of a dry river bed† (26). Each profession has a housing center and trains the citizens to the specific profession, also known as a â€Å"house†. In this section, his dream of going to the House of Scholars is lost and he is sent to the House of Street Sweepers instead. Here the rules are very strict. He is not allowed to laugh or sing for any reason. Entertainment was a part of daily life for all citizens within this society. Every day they would sing three hymns and watch a play after that. Among the three hymns were â€Å"†¦The Hymn of Brotherhood, and the Hymn of equality, and the Hymn of the Collective Spirit† (27). These were the only two forms of entertainment the workers had time for. All other time was spent working their jobs, eating, sleeping, and/or meeting with fellow workers. Entertainment was a prized piece of their society. Entertainment was the only part of society that kept the citizens content. Without entertainment daily the citizens would have not had such strong beliefs in the group and most likely would have overthrown the government. The science and technology of the society is very underdeveloped. Glass and simple candles were some of the newest inventions.

High School Drop Out

Rates Are Increasing Many young adults view high school as a new territory with more advanced classes, more students, but other students only view the negative side of high school , rather than the positive. What most young adults do not understand is that when they choose to dropout of their high school, it is only stealing valuable knowledge from them. It is obvious that the high school drop out rate is increasing rapidly. Why might the rate of high school students be increasing, and why do students make such a dramatic change on their life? Also read: Should Boarding Schools Be AbolishedSome of this may result from the lack of parental guidance, bullying in our high schools, or teen pregnancy? First of all, parental guidance can be the most important element in a student’s education. Students who lack parental guidance have a greater chance of tossing his or her education away compared to those students who receive the help, support and positive guidance from their parents. Many high school students who lack a positive parental guidance to support his or her education, causing the rate of high school dropouts to increase.Not having a parental guidance causes student, to not take an education important and seriously, because they see their parents not showing any interest in their schooling as well. Parents can take action in their child’s education by keeping track of their grades, attending parent teacher conferences, or participating in more school activities. When students have parents who participate i n their child’s education that child is more likely to graduate from his or her high school. Another reason our high school dropout rates are increasing rapidly, is do to the fact of school bullying.School bullying is a type of bullying that occurs in connection with education, either inside or outside of the school. Bullying can be verbal, physical, or emotional and is usually repeated over a period of time. Bullying causes students to have a low self-esteem about themselves and may feel as if no one cares about them. School bullying can also occur in any part of a school building including, on buses, classrooms, even in sports. School bullying has become to be a serious problem in our schools system. The number one effect that bullying has on high school students, is students dropping out. Last,

The Issue Of Reoffending Rates - 1507 Words

Within this essay I will discuss the issue of reoffending rates in England and Wales, and identify relevant statistics associated with this ever-increasing social problem. The annual cost of reoffending to the UK is between  £9.5 and  £13 billion, more than the cost of holding the London Olympics each year. David Downes (2001) argues that there is an ideological function of reoffending – to make capitalism look successful. This is because it soaks up a large percentage of the unemployed, therefore making unemployment official statistics look better. Research has identified a correlation between reoffending rates and the length of sentence. One might expect that the people who had originally been given longer sentences would be the more hardened criminals and therefore more likely to be reconvicted. But the highest reconviction rates are actually given to those who have served less than 12 months. However, these statistics are only records of the number of former prisoners who have been reconvicted. The number who actually return to crime is likely to be higher because many don’t get caught (Wilson Ashton, 2001). The trend is that typically, the shorter amount of time an inmate serves, the more likely they are to reoffend after they have completed their sentence. Data of adult offenders released from custody between October 2012 and September 2013 in each prison has shown how many will go on to commit further offences, and how many offences they will typically commit. HMShow MoreRelatedThe Between Private And Public Priso ns942 Words   |  4 PagesThere are varying views and contradictory findings on the differences in reoffending rates between private and public prisons. While private prisons have been useful, I believe that it does not have an advantage over public prisons with regard to rehabilitation and reoffending rates of offenders. Private prisons were first implemented in order to combat the effects of overcrowding and the increasing cost of maintaining public prisons (Mennicken, 2013; Jones Newburn, 2005). While private prisonsRead MoreYoung Offenders Into The Community1152 Words   |  5 PagesREINTEGRATING YOUNG OFFENDERS INTO THE COMMUNITY Introduction This paper is a report of an analysis of the concept of working with young offenders to prevent them from reoffending. The aim of this paper is to learn about the experiences of individuals who have been released from prison into the community so as to make contributions into developing relevant interventions based on the difficulties/barriers faced by these individuals. To add to this, this paper will explore whether everyone of theseRead MoreWhy Are Prisons Still Successful For Helping Prevent Crime?1180 Words   |  5 Pagesequip them for life after imprisonment and to encourage change. Not everyone agrees as they feel they should be punished for what they have done and its not fair they have access to privileges. Could more freedom be the answer to help reduce reoffending in the UK? Bastoy Prison is situated on an island close to Norway. It has bare minimum security with only 69 staff members for over 110 prisoners. Every type of offender can be taken in. They have the freedom to travel around the island and do activitiesRead MoreRestorative Justice and Youth Reoffending in the United Kindom950 Words   |  4 Pagesincidents of crime against households and resident adults (aged 16 and over) in England and Wales for the year ending June 2013 (ONS). This represents a 7% decrease compared with the previous year’s survey. Though the rate of crime seems to decrease recent concerns about the rate of reoffending seems to be in main stream of discussions today (ONS). Non-Governmental organizations have started a renewed campaign on the application of a community based system of justice which would include the Victim, offenderRead MoreThere Are Many Social And Health Needs Of Prisoners, Some13 32 Words   |  6 Pagesprisoners is often found to deteriorate within the institution. It has been addressed that people within the prison population face significant inequalities in care from those in the community; this includes homelessness after release, a higher mortality rate as well as depression statistics (Bradley. 2009). The Marmot Review, also called ‘Fair society, healthy lives’, was published in 2012, this was an independent review into inequalities in health, the society and the healthcare system. Since the MarmotRead MoreWhat is Community Corrections? Essay example1105 Words   |  5 Pagesrather the likelihood of reoffending. This is actually the opposite of the popular misconception that the â€Å"risk† suggests â€Å"dangerousness† (Duwe, 2013). According to this principle, resources should be allocated with priority accorded to supervision and treatment of higher risk offenders. For instance, individuals with relatively higher likelihood of recidivism should be accorded the greatest treatment dosages and highly intensive intervention programs so as to minimize reoffending. Additionally, membersRead MoreUnintended Consequences Of The State Prison System1010 Words   |  5 Pageson custody: it is possible that too many offenders will still be locked-up, regardless of the location,† according to Owen and Mobley (2012, p. 47). Despite the shift of inmates to jails, overcrowding and inadequate medical and mental health care issues did not disappear at the state level ((Mineau, 2014). Three counties, Fresno, Riverside, and Monterey, have been sued for inadequate living conditions; it is likely that this trend will continue. Furthermore, the State assumes that the countiesRead MoreSexual Offenders Is The Most Vilified Type Of Offenders Within Public Opinion And The Criminal Justice System1672 Words   |  7 PagesScholle, 2000; Tewksbury and Lees, 2006; Wagner, 2011). Sex offender registry laws were intended to increase public safety and to reduce the reoffending rates of sexual offenders. However, this paper will argue that registration has no effect on recidivism rates and that the law actually negatively impacts rehabilitative goals because of the unforeseen issues stemming from registration. An analysis of the existing body of literature concerning registration from the United States will address the natureRead MoreYoung Offenders Into The Community1415 Words   |  6 PagesREINTEGRATING YOUNG OFFENDERS INTO THE COMMUNITY Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction This paper is a report of an analysis of the concept of working with young offenders to prevent them from reoffending. The aim of this paper is to learn about the experiences of individuals who have been released from prison into the community so as to make contributions into developing relevant interventions based on the difficulties/barriers faced by these individuals. To add to this, this paper will explore whether everyRead More‘The Overall Fear Of Crime Has Increased Over The Last1662 Words   |  7 Pagesof crime. However the myth that the high the prison population is, the crime rate reduces; however it is not evidence based. What about the crimes that was not reported? If the prison population gone from 40,000 to 85,000, then why is there still huge number of arrests being made every day? Which raises the real question†¦ what kind of crime are the offenders being arrested for? Because there is also the factor of high rates of re-offending! What is the government t hen doing about rehabilitation? So

Tawa - Facts and Figures

Name: Tawa (Pueblo Indian name for a sun god); pronounced TAH-wah Habitat: Woodlands of North and South America Historical Period: Middle Triassic (215 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 7 feet long and 25 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Small size; bipedal posture About Tawa Although its evolutionary relationship to Tyrannosaurus Rex is a bit overstated--after all, it lived about 150 million years before its more famous descendant--the early theropod Tawa still counts as a major discovery. This small, bipedal dinosaur lived 215 million years ago on the supercontinent of Pangaea, which later split into North America, South America and Africa. Based on an analysis of its remains, Tawa appears to have originated in South America, though its bones were found farther north, near the famous Ghost Ranch cite in New Mexico thats yielded countless Coelophysis skeletons. Will Tawa really cause paleontologists to rewrite the book of dinosaur evolution, as some breathless accounts surmise? Well, its not as if bipedal, South American, meat-eating dinosaurs were rare on the ground--witness, for example, Herrerasaurus, which we already know lay at the root of the dinosaur family tree, not to mention those numerous (though native to North America) Coelophysis specimens. Like the Asian Raptorex, another recent discovery, Tawa is being described as a miniature T. Rex, though this seems to be a gross oversimplification. Over and above its presumed resemblance to T. Rex, whats important about Tawa is that it helps to clear up the evolutionary relationships, and ultimate origins, of the earliest theropods. With this missing piece of the fossil puzzle in place, the discoverers of Tawa have concluded that the very first dinosaurs evolved in South America in the early to middle Triassic period, then radiated out worldwide over the ensuing tens of millions of years.

Polarization Between American Politics And Politics

As with much political science, the concept of polarization can be a bit murky. Inferring from the term itself, one could say that polarization in American politics refers to a widening of the gap between what could be called the average left-wing and right-wing politician, voter, or ideology on a standard political spectrum. Another examination of the term could result in a definition regarding the lack of cooperation between the two major American political parties. Although, it would be more accurate to say that both examinations of the term are correct – and that polarization can create an environment in which the two main modes of thinking are largely incompatible. Proceeding from a definition, one might speculate how polarization†¦show more content†¦Understanding polarization is important because it has often been acknowledged as one of the most problematic process currently undergoing American political institutions. Several scholars, regardless of their schoo l of thought, have described it as having the potential to cause a self-destruction of Congress (Farina 1690-691). There are several consequences that are currently apparent in today’s political landscape, including â€Å"institutional stalemate and associated political misbehavior (Farina 1691).† It is important to note that there is empirical evidence that â€Å"congressional polarization has been steadily and consistently increasing since the 1980s (Farina 1701).† In this event, it is understandable why political scholars are so entrenched in discovering the sources of polarization. There are several theories that attempt to accurately calculate the causes of polarization, but most of these theories only find moderate culprits – few of these theories and studies find a catch-all cause of polarizaton. One study, completed by Jesse Sussell and James A. Thomson, points to population clustering as a factor in polarization. In their study, they examine the shifts in population and their contribution to polarization in the U.S. House of Representatives. In other words, this study claims that the growing disparities between liberal and conservative locations (such as large cities and rural towns,Show MoreRelatedIs Political Polarization Good or Bad for American Politics and Government?963 Words   |  4 Pageswrites that, â€Å"in addition to the decline in competition, American politics today is characterized by a growing ideological polarization between the two major parties†. In addition to his opinion, political data has shown that political polariza tion is increasing and is more readily seen in the way the American government functions in the political sphere. In an article by the University of Rochester’s Campus Times they wrote â€Å"In 1950, the American Political Science Association’s Committee on PoliticalRead MoreThe Plagues And Profits Of Polarization1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Plagues and Profits of Polarization In 1796, in his Farewell Address, George Washington warned against the â€Å"party passions† that weaken public administration, afflict the community, promote animosity between different sectors, and as a result, render the American nation vulnerable to foreign invasion. Political polarization is most simply defined as the divide between Liberals and Conservatives or between Republicans and Democrats. According to measurements from DW-NOMINATE, a system thatRead MorePolarization in Us Politics1665 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyze the evidence that American politics is becoming more polarized. If so, is this a reaction to the polarization of political elites? Approx 1500 words 13/12/10 The election of 2008... marked the end of an epoch. No longer could Republicans count on the basic conservatism of the American people, the reflexive hostility to candidates who favour big government (Darman, 2010, 34) In the 1970s and 1980s there was a consensus that the importance of political parties was in declineRead MoreThe Aftermath Of The Disaster Of An Election1437 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"snowflake† (of all things), became insults sandwiched between obscenities. The circumstances of the election illustrated the country’s polarization, even though I believe most of it is an illusion. Political polarization is the difference between the culturally orthodox and the culturally progressive deepening and dividing the country. Issues like gay marriage, abortion, and immigration have been deepening the split as the spirit of politics becomes more about morals than policy. Essentially, theRead MoreCulture War : The Myth Of A Polarized America, Morris P. Fiorina1007 Words   |  5 Pagestalks of the lack of polarization in today’s politics. â€Å"The â€Å"culture war† refers to a displacement of the classic economic conflicts that animated twentieth- century politics in the advanced democracies by newly emergent moral and religious ones† (Fiorina, Abrams, Pope, 2005, p. 2). Fiorina argues that this phenomenon does not exist; her argument under is persuasive for many reasons. I see the following as the main reasons: the first, is that the media portrays more polarization that there is in realityRead MorePolitical Moderates, By Morris P. Fiorina1353 Words   |  6 Pagesnothing more than a campaign slogan tossed out by hopeful candidates and a phrase that has lost almost all meaning to a numb American public. Just how did things get to be this way? And what about the supposedly moderate public: how and why do they stand for this? To understand these questions, a good place to start is Disconnect: The Breakdown of Representation in American Politics, by Morris P. Fiorina, a professor of Political Science at Stanford University. Disconnected is essentially a book in twoRead MoreDemocrats and Republicans in the US Congress are as ideologically consistent and distinct as they1500 Words   |  6 Pagesthe past few years. Parties have grown increasingly divided in the past years on all major policy dimensions in American politics, Democrats have become more liberal and Republicans have become more conservative and independents are also leaning towards sides now a days. In fact, I believe that political polarization in congress was at an all-time high the past year. Party polarization has been increasing since the 1970’s and I believe it will not slow down any time soon, despite a period of depolarizationRead MorePolitical Parties : Politics, And Religion1480 Words   |  6 PagesI started my search based off my long held interest in politics, and the issues that affect the way we govern. So I boiled that down to the entities that decide when and what we govern. Political Parties. After I had my subject I looked at the three things I believe political parties play a role in. The three areas of interest I chose were our political parties role in our history, economics, and religion, and what factors in those areas determine how political parties’ function. The first areaRead MorePolitical Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll1747 Words   |  7 PagesMena Soliman Prof. Loren Eason WR 39C 11 November 2015 Political Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll It is not a coincidence that the increased availability of news sources has been accompanied by increasing political polarization. Over time, polarization appears to have spread to the level of mass public opinion (Abramowitz Saunders, 2006; Jacobson, 2006; Abrams, Pope, 2005). For instance, in U.S. politics, Democrats’ and Republicans’ negative evaluations of a president of the other party haveRead MoreCulture War By Morris Fiorina2000 Words   |  8 PagesWar by Morris Fiorina, his political stance on Americans not being polarized has not been caused by a growing significance of the political parties today, rather a change in the government over the years. He believes that the two parties, Democrat, and Republican are the most polarized while the public is not. Abramowitz argues that there is no polarized relationship between the American people and the political parties. He believes the polarization is reflected through those who are politically

No Fear Shakespeare A Midsummer Nights Dream Characters free essay sample

I can say that their point of view was right to the dream where fairies and reality become unclear. Clearly, the exceptional effects let the production cast greater range to recognize creative ideas. Director Santiago Sosa has combined a stunning play with light scene changes and in time focus that is impactful and unique. There is no unneeded focus. Besides, the costume design of Tommy Macon and the lighting design of Darren Levin improve the show in a good manner. I may say that the lighting was magical and it played an important role in defining the different scenes. The costumes are special to every character and everything was an addition to each other.â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream,† represents the experience of two couples and craftsmen who are nonprofessional actors. The events happen in an Athens and a charming forest. I personally think that Shakespeare was very clever in how he devised A Midsummer Night’s Dream, as he has three very good factors of entertainment love, magic and comedy represented with different stories and characters. We will write a custom essay sample on No Fear Shakespeare: A Midsummer Nights Dream: Characters or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the end, Puck restates the fact that all people will die, which is a nice conclusion. In addition, Oberon guarantee that the lovers will be happy forever.From another view, I saw a movie as another interpretation of this play. The movie directed by Michael Hoffman. Regularly, when plays or stories transferred to movies, the all events are cut up, and the consequence is scattering. This is not happening in A Midsummer-Night’s Dream. The movie was tremendously well performed. The plot was interesting and the dream concept made the audiences stay entertained. In both the movie and play, I have to say that my favorite character was Puck. He was such a curious sprite. In the movie, one could definitely see his tricks and jokes. I enjoyed watching both interpretations, but I would recommend the play to my friends because I have enjoyed the idea of the play within a play.This play is acted all around the world, and it is not surprising – it is about the worlds most famous interest, feeling loved. But according to Puck, falling in love can make fools of us all. There are two things that particularly pleased me. One is the comic effect presented by the happy world of pleasing illusion, especially, the tricks that made by Puck, which is the central point of the play and the rest is the empathetic view and the wedding traditions in their society. Another important theme is inequality of the sexes which pervades throughout the play. I appreciate Shakespeare for encouraging the desire in human that dreams may come true!